Alternative Remittance Hawala
New Zealand

The below document was released by New Zealand’s Ministry of Justice.  It acknowledges that New Zealand’s AML/CFT Act does not explicitly capture Alternative Remittance such as Traditional Hawala. 

The document states –

Informal Money or Value Transfer Service Providers, including hawala, increasingly use the ‘Handshake’ model to remit funds, particularly as a response to de-risking. However, under the current definitions of a wire transfer, this type of transaction is not explicitly captured as a wire transfer, and there are accordingly no specific CDD or PTR obligations for the transaction.